Towards Energy Transparent Factories by Gerrit Posselt

Author:Gerrit Posselt
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

The new logical entity, as shown in Fig. 5.25, represents in the case of an electrical distribution grid for example, a distribution cabinet where the physical n:n distribution is actually located.

In the ideal case, the source and sink model for the 1:n and n:1 relations correlates to the organisational system structure introduced above. In this case, the physical distribution infrastructure would directly overlap with the organisational structure, resulting in an ad hoc allocation of energy flows to cost centres. But, unfortunately, my works and literature have shown that the organisational structure (hierarchy) commonly does not match the energetic distribution structure. This fact originates in the circumstance that the design and planning phase of the energy distribution system fixes the basic layout and dimensions once for the life cycle of the factory, with only low flexibility for later modifications. The organisational system however, underlies regular changes within the lifetime of a factory, due to restructuring, resizing and a high dependency upon the day-to-day routines, requiring high flexibility and versatility (Kara et al. 2011, pp. 8–9).

The primary objective of the source-sink relation model is to image the energy chains, physically linking the different entities by pipelines or grid. On the one hand, an entity can have multiple source sink relationships describing the backward track (tracing back to the source entity), represented by the attached energy supplies. On the other hand, multiple forward tracks can be described, representing the energy output flows of an entity.

With a 1:n relationship of entities describing a direct supply of energy from source to sink, a transferability into a database model becomes possible, as shown in the Appendix B.4, in an excursus about suitable database structures to image source-sink relations. An example for the imaging of energy distribution network structures is given by the case of Fig. 5.26. The figure shows a representative factory environment with a few typical elements. A main distribution cabinet for electricity feeds the internal electricity grid represented by a power bus on the top side of the wall in branch supply topology. There are three terminating sinks for electricity: the compressor, the milling machine and the hardening oven.

Fig. 5.26Energetic source-sink relationships by the example of direct energy links within the energy chain for electricity and compressed air

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